"This report presents an intensive site inventory and landuse/landcover study of approximately 110-square miles in Northwest Indiana....Five selected dates; 1951, 1958, 1965, 1980, and 1990, of black-and-white and conventional color aerial photography were used to perform the inventory. The 1951 and 1990 photography were selected for the landuse/landcover study."
"Potential waste sites were categorized and plotted on the 1951, 1958, 1965, 1980, and 1990 aerial photography and these locations were transformed to United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute quadrangles (Table 2). Potential waste site categories include: landfill (LF), open dumping (OD), industrial wastewater lagoon (WI), scrap or salvage yard (SY), industrial storage or disposal area (SD), point discharge (PD), and special categories (SC)."
"Stereoscopic pairs of five sets of aerial photographs (1951, 1958, 1965, 1980, and 1990) were used to perform the analysis. Stereo viewing enhances the interpretation because it allows the analyst to observe the vertical as well as horizontal spatial relationships of natural and cultural features. Stereoscopy is also an aid in distinguishing between various shapes, tones, textures, and colors that can be found within the study area."
"The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory in Las Vegas, Nevada, prepared this report for the Water Division, Water Compliance Section, and the Waste Management Division, Superfund Program Management Branch, Technical Support Section in Region 5, at Chicago, Illinois, and the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response in Washington, D.C."
The following was excerpted from Table 1 of the four-volume series titled "Northwest Indiana Site Inventory and Landuse/Landcover Study," and contains documentation information of the aerial photography used for the 1951 through 1990 imagery used to map the waste site inventory:
Year - date - scale - filmtype* - photo source** - photo I.D.
1951 - 12/09/1951 - 1:29,000 - B&W - USGS - PK
1958 - 09/12/1958 - 1:20,000 - B&W - ASCS - BFJ
1965 - 07/15/1965 - 1:23,000 - B&W - ASCS - BFJ
1980 - 04/19/1980 - 1:24,000 - B&W - SID - N/A
1990 - 09/25/1990 - 1:13,000 - CC - EMSL - 91793
*B&W: Black-and-white
*CC: Conventional Color
**ASCS: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, Salt Lake City, Utah
**USGS: U.S. Geological Survey, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
**SID: Sidwell Company, 28 W 240 North Ave., West Chicago, Illinois
**EMSL: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada
This data set was compiled by Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey, using data believed to be accurate; however, a degree of error is inherent in all data. This product is distributed "AS-IS" without warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to warranties of suitability to a particular purpose or use. No attempt has been made in either the design or production of these data to define the limits or jurisdiction of any federal, state, or local government. These data are intended for use only at the published scale or smaller and are for reference purposes only. They are not to be construed as a legal document or survey instrument. A detailed on-the-ground survey and historical analysis of a single site may differ from these data.
CREDIT:
It is requested that the Indiana Geological Survey be cited in any products generated from this data. The following source citation should be included: [GRAND_CAL_WASTE_SITES_1951 - 1951 Waste Site Inventory in Northwestern Lake County, Indiana (1:29,000, Polygon feature class)].
WARRANTY:
Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey warrants that the media on which this product is stored will be free from defect in materials and workmanship for ninety (90) days from the date of acquisition. If such a defect is found, return the media to Publication Sales, Indiana Geological Survey, 611 North Walnut Grove, Bloomington, Indiana 47405 2208, and it will be replaced free of charge.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTIES AND LIABILITY:
Except for the expressed warranty above, the product is provided "AS IS", without any other warranties or conditions, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, warranties for product quality, or suitability to a particular purpose or use. The risk or liability resulting from the use of this product is assumed by the user. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey shares no liability with product users indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damages whatsoever, including, but not limited to, loss of revenue or profit, lost or damaged data or other commercial or economic loss. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey is not responsible for claims by a third party. The maximum aggregate liability to the original purchaser shall not exceed the amount paid by you for the product.
The following paragraphs were excerpted from various parts of the four-volume series titled "Northwest Indiana Site Inventory and Landuse/Landcover Study":
"This report presents an intensive site inventory and landuse/landcover study of approximately 110-square miles in Northwest Indiana....Five selected dates; 1951, 1958, 1965, 1980, and 1990, of black-and-white and conventional color aerial photography were used to perform the inventory. The 1951 and 1990 photography were selected for the landuse/landcover study."
"Potential waste sites were categorized and plotted on the 1951, 1958, 1965, 1980, and 1990 aerial photography and these locations were transformed to United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5 minute quadrangles (Table 2). Potential waste site categories include: landfill (LF), open dumping (OD), industrial wastewater lagoon (WI), scrap or salvage yard (SY), industrial storage or disposal area (SD), point discharge (PD), and special categories (SC)."
"Stereoscopic pairs of five sets of aerial photographs (1951, 1958, 1965, 1980, and 1990) were used to perform the analysis. Stereo viewing enhances the interpretation because it allows the analyst to observe the vertical as well as horizontal spatial relationships of natural and cultural features. Stereoscopy is also an aid in distinguishing between various shapes, tones, textures, and colors that can be found within the study area."
"The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory in Las Vegas, Nevada, prepared this report for the Water Division, Water Compliance Section, and the Waste Management Division, Superfund Program Management Branch, Technical Support Section in Region 5, at Chicago, Illinois, and the Office of Emergency and Remedial Response in Washington, D.C."
IGS personnel scanned the historical aerial photos and mylar overlays containing landuse designations and waste-site inventories. The images were produced at a resolution of 600 dpi and were saved in TIFF format.
The ESRI ArcGIS (v 9.1) Georeferencing tool was then used to georeference the aerial photographs, using the 2003 National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) color aerial photographs as the base data. The default transformation method named "1st Order Polynomial (Affine)" was used. The coordinate system that was used is UTM Zone 16, NAD 83. On average, 20 control points were used to georeference each of the historical aerial photographs. The georeferenced images were then used to georeference the mylar overlays that contained the waste sites. On average, 10 control points were used per mylar overlay.
The mylar overlays containing the waste-site inventories were then vectorized using the ESRI ArcGIS ArcScan tool. An ESRI ArcGIS Edit session was then used to attribute the vector data with the attributes for the various waste-site classifications that were provided on the mylar overlays: landfill (LF), open dump (OD), industrial wastewater lagoon or impoundment (WI), scrap or salvage yard (SY), industrial storage or disposal area or solid waste (SD), special categories (SC), and point discharge (PD). The ESRI ArcToolBox "Merge" command was then used to append the various parcels of data into one geodatabase polygon feature class depicting the 1951 waste site inventory for the entire study area.
Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey warrants that the media on which this product is stored will be free from defect in materials and workmanship for ninety (90) days from the date of acquisition. If such a defect is found, return the media to Publication Sales, Indiana Geological Survey, 611 North Walnut Grove, Bloomington, Indiana 47405 2208, and it will be replaced free of charge.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTIES AND LIABILITY
Except for the expressed warranty above, the product is provided "AS IS", without any other warranties or conditions, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, warranties for product quality, or suitability to a particular purpose or use. The risk or liability resulting from the use of this product is assumed by the user. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey shares no liability with product users indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damages whatsoever, including, but not limited to, loss of revenue or profit, lost or damaged data or other commercial or economic loss. Indiana University, Indiana Geological Survey is not responsible for claims by a third party. The maximum aggregate liability to the original purchaser shall not exceed the amount paid by you for the product.